All names
JS
ArchitectLabour

Jack Straw

Home Secretary · 1997–2001

In one sentence

Put the ECHR into British courtrooms, then ran the Home Office as the inflows began.

Straw was the Home Secretary who took the Human Rights Act through Parliament. That single statute is the legal engine behind a generation of last-minute injunctions, Article 8 family-life wins, and 'safe country' challenges — including the litigation that grounded Rwanda. He also passed the 1999 Immigration and Asylum Act. He has since said parts of the HRA were used in ways he did not intend. He has not supported repeal.

The Human Rights Act is a fundamental part of our constitutional arrangements.

Jack Straw, successive defences of the Act he piloted

What they did

  1. 9 Nov 1998

    Human Rights Act Royal Assent

    Straw's bill. In force from October 2000. Every Home Secretary since has had to litigate deportations through it.

  2. 1999

    Immigration and Asylum Act

    Built the NASS support and appeals machine. Claims and backlogs grew; removals did not keep up.

How they voted

Blocked it / opened it means they voted against tighter rules, or for the Human Rights Act. Backed it means they voted for a tightening bill.

BillWhat they didNote

HRA 1998

1998

Opened itBill minister.

IAA 1999

1999

AyeBill minister.

Sources: Hansard, Human Rights Bill 1998; Immigration and Asylum Act 1999